Co-patents in Europe: Methodological concerns,unfolding trends     

《Journal of Informetrics》2023,17(3):101430

The increasingly systemic nature of innovation activities requires the development of appropriate and reliable indicators that accurately reflect interactions between actors in the innovation scenery. While patent data offers potential to identify such interactions, previous research has tended to focus on inventors rather than applicants, due to the discretionary nature of filing decisions on the level of applicants. As such, the phenomenon of co-patents – patent applications filed by two or more independent entities – has received only limited attention. We address this gap by first, developing and validating an applicant name disambiguation approach to identify seemingly ‘false’ co-patents, implying multiple applicants that are likely part of the same organizational entity. Second, we assess co-patent trends across technology fields, countries and types of actors in Europe. Results suggest that a considerable number (30%) of European co-patents filed with the EPO are likely to be ‘false’ co-patents. The resulting, deflated figures suggest that co-patenting coincides with developing dynamics, both at the level of national innovation systems as well as in (emergent) science-intensive fields. The observed growth of co-patenting over time is primarily driven by co-patenting activities involving public actors; co-patenting trends involving companies and entrepreneurs remain stable over time.  相似文献   

Caveat emptor: Scan quality of Elsevier's digital backfile PDF collection     

《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2023,49(4):102717

Scans of journal articles originally published in print, otherwise known as digital journal backfiles, benefit library patrons by providing near instantaneous access to important older information and full-text searchability. Digital backfiles can serve as a reliable surrogate for their corresponding print journals which could be removed from the library, freeing up space for other patron services. Both benefits are realized when the scanned articles are of sufficient clarity to replace the print versions. Several studies have analyzed small and subject-narrow sections of Elsevier's digital backfile. This article contains a scan-quality analysis from 1578 journals that contain nearly four million articles and represents a significant portion of Elsevier's entire digital journal backfile. We divided journals into three categories and five discipline-specific classifications and compared them by logistic regression for differences in scan quality. Approximately 4.2 % of the articles analyzed contained illegible text, tables, or figures. This data may inform a library's acquisition, retention and space-planning decisions that in turn will affect a patron's access to and use of electronic journal articles.  相似文献   

基于现代教育技术的外语实验教学模式革新     

赵晶  石其乐  王凤鸣 《实验室研究与探索》2011,30(9)

在外语实验教学改革中,要借助现代教育技术,构建新的外语实验教学模式.现代教育技术环境下的外语实验教学体系包括:基础实验板决;技能、技巧训练板块;模拟与实践训练板块;科研创新板块.自主学习模式和计算机辅助外语教学模式是有效的外语实验教学模式.现代教育技术在外语实验教学中的运用是今后外语实验教学改革的重要方向.  相似文献   

Lawrence Sipe, 1949–2011     

Margaret Mackey 《Children‘s Literature in Education》2011,42(3):181-183

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美国创业型研究型大学存在的问题及其对中国高等教育的启示     

罗伯特·罗兹  常永才 《高等教育研究》2011,(8)

美国研究型大学模式的发展包括四个关键阶段,第一阶段主要是19世纪受德国的影响,第二阶段是两次世界大战期间联邦资助研究的兴起,第三阶段是20世纪60-70年代多功能大学的广泛成型,第四阶段是新自由主义影响下创业型大学的崛起。就学术研究的规模而言,美国研究型大学已经无国能及,但其在每一个历史发展阶段中所产生的基本问题,却常常为学术研究所忽视。中国在致力于将自己的顶尖大学提升至世界一流水平的过程中,应该考虑到这些基本问题。  相似文献   

利用线阵CCD的迈克尔逊干涉仪测量压电材料的压电系数     

肖化  漆建军 《实验技术与管理》2011,28(2)

将压电陶瓷片固定在迈克尔逊干涉仪的移动镜上,当加在压电陶瓷片上的驱动直流电压增加时,引起压电陶瓷的微小伸长进而引起移动镜的移动,引起光屏上干涉条纹环数目的变化;用线阵CCD(charge coupled device)作为光电传感器件捕捉干涉条纹的光强信号,再将电信号进行模数转换,采取USB接口与微机接口,用C++语言编写程序设计了一种新型的条纹自动计数软件,将这种计数方法与压电系数的测量结合起来,可以自动得出其压电系数.  相似文献   

Exploring learning and fit in the transition from higher education to the labour market: A systematic review     

《Educational Research Review》2017

The transition from higher education to the labour market is an important period for youngsters, characterised by extensive changes which act as triggers for learning. Furthermore, students’ educational background and the (in)congruence with their work context is important. Accordingly, the aim of this systematic review is to explore the role of learning and fit in the transition process. Results indicate that most emphasis is put on theoretical knowledge, communication, problem-solving, and learning skills. Although the perception on what has to be learned differs for employers, educators, and graduates, each group valued generic competences most. Results show that transfer can be experienced in three ways and the need for learning at work is stressed. Concerning fit, four types of fit are distinguished: vertical, horizontal, competence, and person-environment fit. Several personal background characteristics are shown to influence fit and findings indicate that fit has an influence on career progress and personal resources.  相似文献   

Modeling the Pathways to Self-Confidence for Graduate School in Computing     

Wofford  Annie M. 《Research in higher education》2021,62(3):359-391

Research in Higher Education - Given the significant need to increase and diversify graduate enrollments within computing fields, it is vital to understand what shapes students’ pathways to...  相似文献   

Intercultural knowledge development: Evidence from student interviews during short-term study abroad     

《Int J Intercult Relat》2015

The goal of this investigation was to examine intercultural knowledge development during a short-term study abroad program focused on language and cultural learning. Interviews with students were conducted at the beginning and end of the program, allowing for a qualitative approach to analysis, supported by quantitative measures. While previous investigations have relied on qualitative data, this is the first analysis of intercultural knowledge development based on a qualitative, pre- and post-program design. Intercultural knowledge development was identified considering the change and growth in student knowledge. Results indicated that students experienced a change in the salience of intercultural knowledge themes over the period abroad, focusing on City life and Schedule differences more at the beginning of the program than at the end. Such shift may be indicative of cultural adaptation during the program. Results also demonstrated intercultural knowledge growth over the period abroad, with the greatest growth being related to knowledge themes of Big C (e.g., culture and history), daily life, food and drink, and values and politics. These results led to a distinction between types of knowledge that traditionally have been included in definitions of intercultural knowledge, an analysis of context as it intersects with knowledge development, and a theoretical consideration of the relationship between intercultural knowledge and intercultural communicative competence. Furthermore, practical considerations for cultivating intercultural knowledge during short-term study abroad programs were discussed.  相似文献   

Intercultural competence: Looking back and looking ahead     

《Int J Intercult Relat》2015

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